不定式在句子里可以做许多成分,有主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语和补足语。详细用法如下:分词有三种结构,分别是to do,doing,done。当作主语时,to do与doing没有太大区别。to do强调偶然/一次性动作,doing强调经常性动作.而done不能做主语/宾语。作宾语时,要看搭配的动词,有些动词+to do,而有些动词加doing。
对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要做某事”等表示未来(未做的事)的动词。同样与不定式表示不同,现在分词表示正在进行,一般性或经常性发生的行为。
定义
(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)
My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语)
在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)