make sb.do sth.(使/让/叫某人做某事)。在主动语态里面,只能使用省略to的动词不定式(原形)作宾语补足语。但是,在被动结构中,要加上不定式符号to,即要使用带to不定式作宾补,其结构是“sb.be made to do sth.”。
1、用作使役动词,表示“使”,后接不定式的复合结构作宾语时,不定式不能带 to;但是,若make为被动语态,则不定式必须带to。
如:
Though he had often made his little sister cry,today he was made to cry by his little sister.
虽然他曾经常把他小妹妹弄哭,但今天他被他小妹妹弄哭了。
注意,若make不表示“使”,而表示其他意思则情况不同。
比如下面两句,make后的不定式不是宾语补足语,而是目的状语:
We make candles to give light. 我们做蜡烛照明。
He made a box to put his money in. 他做了个盒子来装钱。
2、其后除可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语外,还可以接以下成分:
(1)接过去分词作宾语补足语。
如:
He tried to make his ideas known.
他设法让别人知道他的想法。
She had to shout to make herself heard.
她必须大声喊才能让人听见她说话。
(2)注意,其后通常不接现在分词作宾语补足语。
如:
他让司机在外面等他。
误:He made the driver waiting for him outside.
正:He had the driver waiting for him outside.